Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Principles and Types

Post traumatic stress disorder as the name suggests is a syndrome of processes which are dynamically related in psychobiological manner (Erica, 2011).The affected areas of the body include the nervous system, the brain and hormonal system. Changes thus occur in the manner in which one behaves afterwards and in the manner in which one perceives things (Wilson, Keane, 2004).Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Principles and Types specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When one experiences terrific incidents which could be heard, seen or felt, the aftermath may not be that pleasant. It could be stress. The stressors could include horrifying incidents of mass death, witnessing a rape case or natural disasters like landslides. The person’s response to the horrifying incidents may be emotion and fear, ego defenses and cognitive alterations, and even helplessness (Wilson, et al, 2004). There are a number of basic principles of assessing the disorder. Studies have indicated that there is not much of a difference between the PTSD and the non-PDST (Kawata, Itman, 2006). The difference only comes where the PDST patients having a relatively higher portion of widows were well reared in the urban areas. Looking at the diagnoses given at the outpatient clinics, fewer patients suffering from PDST’s diagnosis referred to Axis (Corales, 2005). A number of issues are to be taken into consideration as for the treatment of the PDST. These factors include the type of trauma, chronicity of PDST, gender and age (Foa, 2009). Research on the need for treatment began in the early 1980s with improvements to the point of introduction of DSM-111. Ever since numerous case reports have been published. These studies are diverse and hence the conclusions which can be drawn from the studies vary with the varying disorders (Foa, 2009). A good number of people exposed to traumatic stre ss do not develop it forever. They have adequate resilience to protect them from developing the disorder. Research on risk factor categorizes the PTDS into three groups namely, the pre-traumatic actors, the peri-traumatic actors and the post traumatic factors (Friedman, Keane and Resik, 2010). The symptoms associated with the PTSD disorder may vary depending on the type patient. If one’s dramatization was interpersonal, prolonged and occurred early, then the symptoms may be complex. The most common symptoms include changes in the regulation of emotion and impulses or instance, a patient of PTSD finds difficulty in managing and controlling anger or even sexual involvement (Timothy, 2007). As for the changes of one’s consciousness. The patient experiences amnesia when one develops chronic pains, digestive system problems along with evident symptoms of cardiopulmonary; Panic is also obvious in the current case. Alterations in one’s perception of other things may be accompanied by self blame, shame as well as guilt.Advertising Looking for coursework on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The patient develops poor interpersonal relationships with others which is unhealthy along with the feeling of guilt as well as loneness. There is helplessness and lack o meaning in life (Williams, 2009).  The treatment applied in case of PTSD disorder is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which in turn is subdivided into two kinds of treatment; they are Cognitive Processing Therapy and Prolonged Exposure Therapy (Wilson Keane, 2004). In accordance with the first way of treatment, a patient tries to learn the way trauma has changed their way of thinking and feelings. The second treatment consists in the fact that a person utters one’s problem a number of times until memories no longer hurt. The person is on purpose go to places that have been associated with this or that particul ar trauma (Wilson Keane, 2004) References Corales, T. (2005). Focus on post traumatic stress disorder. New York: Nova science. David, E. (2011). PTSD: a spouse’s perspective: how to survive in a world of PTSD (p. 1). Bloomington: Bow press. Foa,. B. (2009). Effective treatments for PTSD: practice guidelines from the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. New York: Guilford Press. Friedman, M. J., Keane, T. M., Resick, P. (2010). Handbook of PTSD: science and practice. New York: Guilford Press. Kawata, M., itman, R. (2006).PTSD: brain mechanisms and clinical implications. new york, tokyo: springer.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Principles and Types specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Timothy, K. (2007). PTSD: Pathways through the Secret Door. New York: Gardeners Books. Williams, B., Poijula, S. (2009). The PTSD workbook : simple, effective techniques for overcoming traumatic stress symptoms. Portland: Read HowYouWant. Wilson, J. Keane, P. (2004). PTSD and complex PTSD symptoms, syndromes and diagnoses: Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD. New York: Guilford Press. This coursework on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Principles and Types was written and submitted by user Demetrius Huff to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Elliot Carter

Elliot Carter Composer Elliott Carter was born on December 11 1908, but his age might mislead people about his placement in the history of music. This can be seen in a quote by another famous composer Pierre Boulez, twenty years younger than Carter, "He does not belong in the generation into which he was born; he really belongs to my generation." He has come into musical prominence along with men a generation younger than he is, he is most easily considered critically along with the group of composers all European, like Boulez, Stockhausen, and Berio. Born in New York in 1908, Carter spent his childhood in comfortable circumstances. He finished his education at Harvard, majoring in literature, and then went to Paris like so many other American composers to study with Nadia Boulanger. Perhaps equally important for his future development was a trip to Vienna at the age of seventeen, when he acquired the scores of the new Viennese school, including the earliest serial works of Schoenberg. Even more significant was meeting Charles Ives a year before, whom he admired and continued to see often, and who encouraged his ambitions at composition. Carter never succumbed totally to the influence of Ives, and he was never even briefly to try serial composition. Eventually he also cast aside the influence of Stravinsky and the neoclassical school transmitted in Paris by Boulanger. With it, he cast aside the exploitation of folk material that one finds in Aaron Copland and other American followers of the Paris school. Folk material had only appeared halfheartedly in Carter's early works, which are interesting above all for their characteristic and complex rhythmic energy. The years from 1935 to 1950 were difficult ones for Carter. Wide recognition came only in 1951, when he was forty-three, with the first String Quartet. Before this, however, his individuality had been revealed in the Piano Sonata of 1946 and the Sonata for Cello and Piano o... Free Essays on Elliot Carter Free Essays on Elliot Carter Elliot Carter Composer Elliott Carter was born on December 11 1908, but his age might mislead people about his placement in the history of music. This can be seen in a quote by another famous composer Pierre Boulez, twenty years younger than Carter, "He does not belong in the generation into which he was born; he really belongs to my generation." He has come into musical prominence along with men a generation younger than he is, he is most easily considered critically along with the group of composers all European, like Boulez, Stockhausen, and Berio. Born in New York in 1908, Carter spent his childhood in comfortable circumstances. He finished his education at Harvard, majoring in literature, and then went to Paris like so many other American composers to study with Nadia Boulanger. Perhaps equally important for his future development was a trip to Vienna at the age of seventeen, when he acquired the scores of the new Viennese school, including the earliest serial works of Schoenberg. Even more significant was meeting Charles Ives a year before, whom he admired and continued to see often, and who encouraged his ambitions at composition. Carter never succumbed totally to the influence of Ives, and he was never even briefly to try serial composition. Eventually he also cast aside the influence of Stravinsky and the neoclassical school transmitted in Paris by Boulanger. With it, he cast aside the exploitation of folk material that one finds in Aaron Copland and other American followers of the Paris school. Folk material had only appeared halfheartedly in Carter's early works, which are interesting above all for their characteristic and complex rhythmic energy. The years from 1935 to 1950 were difficult ones for Carter. Wide recognition came only in 1951, when he was forty-three, with the first String Quartet. Before this, however, his individuality had been revealed in the Piano Sonata of 1946 and the Sonata for Cello and Piano o...

I don't have a specific topic, you can choose it Research Paper - 1

I don't have a specific topic, you can choose it - Research Paper Example Much was changing in America. America was at a crossroads in the middle of the 19th century. The country had been founded with a cry of liberty and freedom for all. In fact the country was remarkably free and democratic. And yet, the Constitution still permitted American citizens to hold other human beings in bondage as slave. This was a truly strange state of affairs, as Harper’s, a liberal newspaper of the time was at pains to point out. There were some who saw this war as a catastrophe that would destroy the country. It is indisputable that millions died for their various causes. But as John Quincy Adams once famously said in 1820, forty years before the war began: If slavery be the destined sword of the hand of the destroying angel which is to sever the ties of this Union, the same sword will cut in sunder the bonds of slavery itself. A dissolution of the Union for the cause of slavery would be followed by a servile war in the slave-holding States, combined with a war between the two severed portions of the Union. It seems to me that its result might be the extirpation of slavery from this whole continent; and, calamitous and desolating as this course of events in its progress must be, so glorious would be its final issue, that, as God shall judge me, I dare not say that it is not to be desired (Haysville). Throughout this issue of Harper’s we can see that the Civil War is coming to an end. The Union is becoming triumphant and is at the gates of Petersburg, one of the last redoubts of the Confederate Army. General William Tecumsah Sherman is laying waste to Georgia in an effort to prevent the Confederate Army, which was led by Robert E. Lee from surviving off the land. The Union wanted to have the Confederate’s surrender and end the war. They did not want Confederate soldiers continuing to mount a guerilla war from the margins. What is fascinating about seeing this snapshot in time is not only what has

How does media affect the way people percieve the world Essay

How does media affect the way people percieve the world - Essay Example Hostility of Moroccans towards US has increased from 61 percent in 2002 to 88 percent in 2004. Egypt negative perception of US has risen from 76 percent to 96 percent. An Opinion poll (study) conducted in Egypt at Cairo University in 2002 revealed that 72 percent of the respondents held negative perception of US when compared to 28 percent of the respondents who portrayed positive attitudes. The American regime is portrayed as a hostile country that fails to respect the rights of other individuals. People in Middle East have used various words to describe US such as tyranny, supremacy, deceit, pro Israel, enemy, hypocrisy and ethical decay (El-Bendary, 2011). Research has suggested that Arab hostility towards U.S is worsened by US activities and policies in the Middle East. It has its origin from the Gulf war and the alleged US support of Israel in the Israel-Palestinian conflict. Additionally, there have been allegations that America is trying to humiliate and subject Arab people to their ideologies. Because of this, the Arab regimes (through their control of the media), have been spreading negative stereotyped images about the west (Zogby, 2004). The Arab opinion of U.S policy in the Middle East is much influenced by the Arab media. Video footage showing images of violence in the West Bank and Gaza strip are delivered across Arab satellite news channel, radio and by other news agencies to the millions of Muslims and Arabs around the World. The Americans foreign policy is defined and debated over Arab media as it unfolds. Satellite television, newspaper, magazines and radios have the greatest influence in the Middle East as they are accessed by many audiences (Zogby, 2004). The information contained in the Arab media about the US is a perception of how the Arabs and Muslims think about the west. There is a disregard whether the news is negative or positive. Americans have adopted the same logic. The popular culture and mass media in the United Stated have come up with stereotypes that portray all Muslims as Arabs and all Arabs as terrorist. The Americans utilize representations and language in cartoons, movies, news, magazine stories, the popular culture and the media in propagating of evil Arab stereotypes. These stereotypes are comprised of various people, beliefs, ideas, religions and assumptions. Movies and magazines present tainted images of Middle East men. The recent movies have highlighted Barbarism and cruelty as the common traits associated with Arabs. The Mentioned stereotypes are a false mental image and are not from the true image (Mady, 2004). The United States has made efforts to present a clear image of American society and polices, which have not had an impact. Washington has sponsored various Arabic-language media organization. This includes Hi Magazine, Al Hurra TV and Radio Sawa. In spite of this funding ($62 million to Al Hurra in 2004 alone), these stations and publications have failed to project and improve America n credibility in the Middle East region. Galal notes that the September 11, 2001 attacks on the U.S illustrate the problem of negatively held perception about U.S in the Arab and Muslim World (El-Bendary, 2011). Differences and Similarities between the Middle East and the United States According to Mady (2004), the media in the Middle East and United states have had many significant similarities despite their

Community Health Social Care Essay Example for Free

Community Health Social Care Essay Welcome to the Foundation Degree in Community Health and Social Care offered in partnership with a number of Further Education colleges, and validated by the University of Wolverhampton. Foundation Degrees are a vocationally focused higher education qualification located at intermediate level in the Framework for Higher Education Qualifications. This foundation degree has links with local and national employers ensuring that skills are developed through work-based learning, which is a major part of any foundation degree. This combined with higher-level knowledge and understanding reinforces and supports the development of vocational skills. Although the University of Wolverhampton has validated the foundation degree, the study will take place in one of the partner colleges. In the following pages you will find a brief description of the programme, the modules and other information that we think you will find useful. More detailed information about each module will be given by module leaders during your studies. We have also included details of awards that you may wish to progress onto after you complete the foundation degree. We work closely with the course leaders in all colleges. Arrangements will be made for you to visit the University. We look forward to seeing you then. If you have any issues or concerns that you wish to discuss please contact your course leader at your college. 2About this Guide The purpose of this guide is to provide you with information about the modules offered within the Foundation Degree. In addition to the information contained in this Pathway Guide, you will need to be aware of: The University Academic Principles and Regulations, which are available from the university web site. These regulations explain how the credit system operates, and the number of credits that must be studied at different levels in order to qualify for the different awards offered. Each college will arrange their own timetable – the course leader at your college will make you aware of this. All modules on the Foundation Degree in Community Health and Social Care are compulsory. On successful completion of the Foundation Degree, you will be awarded a ‘pass’. The University can also provide you with a formal transcript of your module results if you wish. If you decide to complete end your studies after successfully completing year One, you may be eligible for a Certificate of Higher Education. At the end of this guide you will find information on further study at the University of Wolverhampton. Introduction to the Health and Social Care Subjects The Foundation Degree provides an educational opportunity for undergraduates who come from a variety of backgrounds. The Foundation Degree aims to provide appropriate academic health and social care teaching for a wide variety of students, from across the NHS and the health and social care arena. The award may be studied on a full or part time basis. Full details of this can be found by asking the contact at your local college. We may be able to award some students credits for specific modules if they can demonstrate that they have already met the learning objectives. This is known as Accreditation of Prior Achievement. Please discuss this with the tutor at your college in the first instance. It is expected that all student will have work experience (this can be paid or unpaid) within the Health or Social Care field.

Forensic Linguistics Assignment Essay -- Forensic Science

Speech analysis has a type called the voice stress analysis that detects stress in the form of micro tremors in the speech of a person. It is important to note that the voice stress analysis is equivalent to polygraph. Both polygraph and stress have a common problem of not being able to point out deception. This notwithstanding, the speech analysis is apparently being used by both the Federal Bureau of Investigations and the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States. The fact that each and every person possesses a unique voiceprint makes the identification of a speaker to be theoretically possible. This can be achieved through acoustic analysis of the intonation counters, pitch and vowel length. When the pairs of the spectrographs that show the suspect speaker and the known speaker uttering similar words are matched, the speaker can be easily identified (Olsson 2004, p. 71). The fact that voice stress analysis relies on eye comparison is a big problem. Another problem involves the variation that occurs in the same speaker. It is reported that the uttering of the same sentence a hundred times in quick succession does not produce any two identical uttering. Some countries like the United Kingdom, however, prefer auditory analysis as opposed to the acoustic method. In auditory analysis, the speech samples are phonetically transcribed. This analysis is important as it allows the analysts to identify such features that are idiosyncratic like the speech impediments and the unusual realization of phonemes. Besides, the analysts might find the need to profile the social and regional identity of the speaker. Speech analysis nowadays accepts the mixed method as the most accurate and reliable. It can found its application in situat... ... and textual analysis (Gibbons 2003, p. 26). Works Cited Coulthard, M, & Johnson, A 2007, an introduction to forensic linguistics: language in evidence, Routledge, New York. Gibbons, J 2003, Forensic linguistics: an introduction to language in the justice system, Blackwell Pub, Malden. Gibbons, J, & Turell, TM 2008, Dimensions of forensic linguistics, John Benjamins Publishing Company, Amsterdam. Jordan, SN 2002, Forensic linguistics: the linguistic analyst and expert witness of language evidence in criminal trials, Biola University, La Mirada. McMenamin, GR, & Choi, D 2002 Forensic linguistics: advances in forensic stylistics, Crc Press, Boca Raton. Olsson, J 2008, Forensic linguistics, Continuum, London. Olsson, J 2004, Forensic linguistics: an introduction to language, crime, and the law, Continuum International Publishing Group, London .

Civil Rights Essay

Civil Rights essay â€Å"l have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true mea inning of its creed: â€Å"We hold these truths to be selflessness: that all men are created equal. Martin Luther King Jar. The Congress of Racial Equality or CORE is an American civil rights organization n that played a major role for Fragmentariness in the Civil Rights Movement. Found deed in Chicago in March Of 1942 by James Farmer, CORE was one Of the â€Å"Big Four† civil rights or sanitations, along with the CLC, the SYNC, and the NAACP.CORE did many things that we re important to the civil rights movement including Freedom Rides, desegregating Chicago schools, and the Freedom Summer. O n April 10, 1947, CORE sent a group of eight white and eight black men on a 2 week â€Å"Freedom Ride† with a sole purpose of ending segregation in interstate travel. The riders of this group were arrested and jailed several times, but they received a great deal of publicity, a nd this marked the beginning of a long series of similar campaigns.By the early 1960 s, Farmer desired to repeat the 1 947 journey, developing a new name for it: the Freedom Ride. On Maya, 1961, volunteers journeyed to the deep South, this time including women. The rider s endured severe violence. White mobs attacked Freedom Riders in Birmingham and Month ere. The violence caught national attention, sparking a summer of similar rides by other Civil Ri sights organizations and thousands of ordinary citizens. In 1 960, CORE began to challenge racial segregation in the public schools of C hijack.Black schools were in poorer neighbors of Chicago and white schools were in richer parts. Many segregated schools were overcrowded, and in order to ease overcrowding, the e Board instituted doublethink's at some of the schools. Doublethink's meant that students in fee acted schools attended less than a full day of class. Less school meant that Africanizing children would be receiving less educa tion. CORE was not pleased with the results so they pr tested, along with the Chicago community.The following 4 years, CORE along with the SYNC and the NAACP helped organ nice the â€Å"Freedom Summer† campaign aimed principally at ending the political super session of African Americans in the Deep South. CORE, SYNC and COIF also built 30 Freedom S schools in towns throughout Mississippi. Volunteers taught in the schools and the curriculum n owe included black history. These Freedom Schools were often targets of white mobs. So were the e homes of African Americans involved in the campaign.That summer 30 black homes and 37 blab KC churches were firebombed. Over 80 volunteers were beaten by white mobs and three CORE activists were murdered by the K on June 21 SST, 1964. These deaths created nationwide PU ability for the campaign. As you can see, life was very difficult during the Civil Rights movement for Afar can Americans living in the Deep South. Thanks to organizations like CORE and AN CAP, life may have seemed hard and it may have been a struggle to live back in the day, Afar can Americans still had hope. Civil Rights Essay Civil Rights essay â€Å"l have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true mea inning of its creed: â€Å"We hold these truths to be selflessness: that all men are created equal. Martin Luther King Jar. The Congress of Racial Equality or CORE is an American civil rights organization n that played a major role for Fragmentariness in the Civil Rights Movement. Found deed in Chicago in March Of 1942 by James Farmer, CORE was one Of the â€Å"Big Four† civil rights or sanitations, along with the CLC, the SYNC, and the NAACP.CORE did many things that we re important to the civil rights movement including Freedom Rides, desegregating Chicago schools, and the Freedom Summer. O n April 10, 1947, CORE sent a group of eight white and eight black men on a 2 week â€Å"Freedom Ride† with a sole purpose of ending segregation in interstate travel. The riders of this group were arrested and jailed several times, but they received a great deal of publicity, a nd this marked the beginning of a long series of similar campaigns.By the early 1960 s, Farmer desired to repeat the 1 947 journey, developing a new name for it: the Freedom Ride. On Maya, 1961, volunteers journeyed to the deep South, this time including women. The rider s endured severe violence. White mobs attacked Freedom Riders in Birmingham and Month ere. The violence caught national attention, sparking a summer of similar rides by other Civil Ri sights organizations and thousands of ordinary citizens. In 1 960, CORE began to challenge racial segregation in the public schools of C hijack.Black schools were in poorer neighbors of Chicago and white schools were in richer parts. Many segregated schools were overcrowded, and in order to ease overcrowding, the e Board instituted doublethink's at some of the schools. Doublethink's meant that students in fee acted schools attended less than a full day of class. Less school meant that Africanizing children would be receiving less educa tion. CORE was not pleased with the results so they pr tested, along with the Chicago community.The following 4 years, CORE along with the SYNC and the NAACP helped organ nice the â€Å"Freedom Summer† campaign aimed principally at ending the political super session of African Americans in the Deep South. CORE, SYNC and COIF also built 30 Freedom S schools in towns throughout Mississippi. Volunteers taught in the schools and the curriculum n owe included black history. These Freedom Schools were often targets of white mobs. So were the e homes of African Americans involved in the campaign.That summer 30 black homes and 37 blab KC churches were firebombed. Over 80 volunteers were beaten by white mobs and three CORE activists were murdered by the K on June 21 SST, 1964. These deaths created nationwide PU ability for the campaign. As you can see, life was very difficult during the Civil Rights movement for Afar can Americans living in the Deep South. Thanks to organizations like CORE and AN CAP, life may have seemed hard and it may have been a struggle to live back in the day, Afar can Americans still had hope.